![]() Understanding Bohr's model requires some knowledge of electromagnetic radiation (or light).īohr's key idea in his model of the atom is that electrons occupy definite orbitals that require the electron to have a specific amount of energy. In 1913, the Danish physicist Niels Bohr proposed a model of the electron cloud of an atom in which electrons orbit the nucleus and were able to produce atomic spectra. These difficulties cast a shadow on the planetary model and indicated that, eventually, it would have to be replaced. Back in the early days of quantum mechanics, Bohr constructed a model of the hydrogen atom that worked surprisingly well considering its simplicity. Furthermore, Rutherford's model was unable to describe how electrons give off light forming each element's unique atomic spectrum. This page titled 5.1: The Bohr Model is shared under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Tom Weideman directly on the LibreTexts platform. ![]() Bohr’s model required only one assumption: The electron moves around the nucleus in circular orbits that can have only certain allowed radii. If the electron circling the nucleus in an atom loses energy, it would necessarily have to move closer to the nucleus as it loses energy, and would eventually crash into the nucleus. In 1913, a Danish physicist, Niels Bohr (18851962 Nobel Prize in Physics, 1922), proposed a theoretical model for the hydrogen atom that explained its emission spectrum. This is, after all, how we produce TV signals. Bohr used the term energy levels (or shells) to describe these orbits of differing energy. It was already known that when a charged particle (such as an electron) moves in a curved path, it gives off some form of light and loses energy in doing so. Niels Bohr, a Danish scientist, explained this line spectrum while developing a model for the atom: The Bohr model shows that the electrons in atoms are in orbits of differing energy around the nucleus (think of planets orbiting around the sun). Unfortunately, there was a serious flaw in the planetary model. ![]() The radius of one of these allowed Bohr orbits is given by. \): Niels Bohr with Albert Einstein at Paul Ehrenfest's home in Leiden (December 1925). Specifically, Bohr postulated that the angular momentum of the electron, mvr (the mass and angular velocity of the electron and in an orbit of radius r r) is restricted to values that are integral multiples of h/2 h / 2.
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